Expertise provided by Amit Momaya, MD, Orthopaedic Surgeon, UAB Medicine
Disclaimer: This expertise is shared based on a typical injury and not intended to diagnose or provide an outlook on Lindsey Vonn’s situation.
What is an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury?
An anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is an injury in which the central stabilizing ligament in the knee is torn. The knee can become unstable due to this tear.
How does an ACL tear usually happen?
This injury most commonly occurs via a non-contact mechanism in which the athlete plants and cuts or lands from a jump. It is common in football, soccer, and basketball.
What are the immediate symptoms of an ACL tear?
Immediate symptoms include feeling a pop, swelling, and feeling like the knee gave out.
How is an ACL tear diagnosed?
The injury is usually diagnosed with the history, physical exam in which the shin bone is pulled forward relative to the thigh bone (Lachman), and confirmed with an MRI.
Does an ACL tear require surgery?
The injury typically requires surgery to reconstruct the ACL and restore stability in the knee.
What does recovery from an ACL tear typically look like?
A typical recovery involves progressive motion and strength over time. The average return to play timeline is approximately 9-12 months.
When can someone return to play or activity?
Typically we look for limb symmetry in strength and functional movement along with waiting at least 9 months.
Can ACL tears be prevented?
There are programs to help reduce the risk of an ACL injury such as FIFA 11.
When should someone see a sports medicine specialist?
When an individual experiences a sudden pop, knee shift, or swelling in the knee, it is important to visit a board certified orthopedic surgeon to further evaluate the injury.